Kidney Stone FAQs: Insights from a Urologist & Kidney Stone Specialist

Kidney stones are hard deposits made of minerals and salts that form inside your kidneys. They can vary in size and cause significant pain if they move through your urinary tract.

Kidney stones can form when your urine contains more crystal-forming substances than the fluid in your urine can dilute. Common causes include dehydration, high-sodium diets, and certain medical conditions.

Common symptoms include severe pain in the back or side, pain during urination, pink, red, or brown urine, nausea, and vomiting. If you experience these symptoms, it's essential to seek medical advice.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical exam, a review of your medical history, and imaging tests such as X-rays abdomen. sonography abdomen and CT scans are modalities.. Your doctor may also perform urine and blood tests to identify any underlying conditions.

Treatment depends on the size and location of the stone.  In some cases, the stone may pass on its own with increased fluids and pain medication. For larger stones, procedures like shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), ureteroscopy (URS), or percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) may be required. A kidney stone specialist, can help you determine the best course of treatment for your specific case.

Preventing kidney stones involves staying hydrated, eating a balanced diet low in salt and animal protein, and avoiding foods high in oxalates like spinach and nuts. Consuming high citrate containing fruits like Oranges, sweet limes and lemon are helpful. Regular check-ups can also help manage your risk.

If left untreated, kidney stones can cause complications such as urinary tract infections, kidney damage, or chronic kidney disease. It's crucial to seek timely kidney stone treatment to avoid these issues.

You should see a doctor if you experience severe pain, blood in your urine, difficulty urinating, or symptoms of an infection like fever and chills. Immediate medical attention is necessary if you have any of these symptoms.

Leaving a kidney stone untreated can lead to complications like infection, kidney damage, and even kidney failure.

Recovery time depends on the type of treatment you receive.  Typically, recovery from procedures like ESWL is quicker than more invasive surgeries.